仿生多层级柔性轻质结构的设计、制备及力学性能分析

Design,Fabrication and Mechanics Property Analysis of Bionic Multilayer Flexible Lightweight Structures

以中华鲟背部骨鳞和鲟鱼皮结构为生物模板,通过结构仿生原理设计出一种新型仿生多层级柔性防护轻质结构。采用尼龙、液态硅橡胶和凯夫拉纤维,通过高温固化成形技术进行制备,有效解决了以往仿生鳞片与基底层连接不牢的问题。利用冲击力学试验对仿生复合结构进行了防护性能分析,并研究了仿生骨鳞结构的夹角γ、嵌入角度θ以及结构之间重叠率K_(d)的变化对仿生复合结构吸能特性的影响。测试结果表明,具有覆瓦状形态特征的仿生骨鳞结构以及具有纤维铺层的柔性基底结构可显著提高仿生复合结构的抗冲击力学特性。

Inspired by the bony scales and fish skin in the Chinese sturgeon,a new bionic multi-layer flexible protective light wight-structure was designed.Nylon,polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)and Kevlar fibers were used to prepare the composite structures by high temperature curing technology,which effectively solved the problems of weak connection between scale and substrate.The impact tests were used to analyze the mechanics properties of the bionic composite structures and the influences of the angleγ,the embedding angleθand the overlapping rate K_(d) on the energy-absorption performance of the composites were studied.The results show that the bionic bony scale with ridge-like shape and the flexible substrate with fiber layers may significantly improve the impact resistance of the bionic composites.