企业数据权益保护的困境及路径研究

The Dilemma of Enterprise Data Rights Protection and Its Solutions

企业数据纠纷不断,引发了企业数据法律保护难题,以著作权、商业秘密和反不正当竞争法一般条款保护企业数据均存在困境。国内和国外都对以财产权保护企业数据进行了探索与尝试,并初见成效。劳动产权和功利主义是构建企业数据财产权的理论基础。企业数据财产权是一种新型财产权,其构建理念是:以保障个人数据权益为前提,促进数据合理流通为必要。企业数据财产权包含权利体系和限制体系,权利体系包括:占有权、使用权、收益权和控制权;限制体系包括:收集限制、使用限制和出境限制。赋予企业以财产权是保护企业数据的一种新路径。

The endless disputes over enterprise data have caused difficulties in the legal protection of enterprise data.There are difficulties in protecting enterprise data with copyright,trade secrets and the general provisions of the anti-unfair competition law.Both at home and abroad,how to protect enterprise data with property rights has been explored and attempted,achieving initial results.Labor property rights and utilitarianism are the theoretical basis for constructing enterprise data property rights.Enterprise data property right is a new type of property rights,and the concept of its construction is to protect personal data rights and interests as the premise and promote the rational circulation of data as a necessity.Enterprise data property right includes right system and restriction system.The former includes the rights of possession,use,income and control,while the latter the restrictions of collection,use and exit.And giving enterprises property right is a new way to protect enterprise data.