单人制机组运行自动化等级自适应调节方法

Self-adaptive adjustment method of automation level for SPO

为满足单人制机组运行(SPO)驾驶舱自动化的需求,提出驾驶舱人机交互自适应架构。首先,基于生理指标及对飞机运行状态参数和环境参数的连续监测,建立认知状态评估模型、任务认知需求模型和认知预测模型;然后,通过仿真验证不同外部条件和自动化水平的飞行员生理指标和认知状态变化;最后,构建自动化水平自适应调节功能模型,灵活调整自动化水平,动态分配飞行员和自动化的工作负荷。结果表明:基于专家系统的人机交互自适应框架可评估飞行员认知状态,实时转换自动化等级,合理分配驾驶舱工作负荷,将飞行员的负荷指数稳定在0.4左右;还能使疲劳累积速度放缓,从而保持飞行员的最佳认知状态。

In response to the needs of SPO cockpit automation,a self-adaptive architecture for cockpit human-computer interaction was proposed.Firstly,a cognitive status assessment model,a task cognitive demand model and a cognitive prediction model were established based on physiological indicators as well as continuous monitoring of aircraft operating status parameters and environmental parameters.Then,simulation experiments were conducted to verify changes in physiological indicators and cognitive status of pilots with different external conditions and automation levels.Finally,a self-adaptive adjustment model of automation level was developed to adjust automation flexibly and allocate workload and automation dynamically.The results show that the self-adaptive framework for human-computer interaction based on expert system can assess pilots’cognitive status,reasonably allocate cockpit workload through real-time change of automation level,thereby stabilizing pilots’load index at about 0.4 and slowing down fatigue accumulation so as to maintain the best cognitive status.