英国去极端化政策背景探析

An Analysis of the Background of the British De-radicalization Policy

为应对恐怖主义威胁,英国反恐斗争的重点是实行一系列去极端化政策,该政策推行的背景主要包括三个方面的内容。英国多元文化主义实践的失败,制造了穆斯林少数族群与英国主流社会之间的“平行社会”,使穆斯林少数族群不断被边缘化,面临严重的身份认同危机;因伊斯兰极端主义兴起而出现的伊斯兰恐惧症,使英国社会产生了对穆斯林的偏见,反过来又加速了英国伊斯兰极端主义的兴起,伊斯兰解放党在此过程中也起到了推波助澜的作用;国际恐怖主义组织重点袭击、“独狼”式恐袭防不胜防、错误的军事干预别国外交政策,使英国反恐陷入越反越恐的窘境。

In order to combat the threat of terrorism,the focus of the anti-terrorist struggle carried out by the United Kingdom is its series of de-radicalization policies,which mainly concern the following respects:firstly,the failure of the practice of British multiculturalism has created a“parallel society”between the Muslim minority and the mainstream British society.Minorities continue to be marginalized,and they are facing a serious identity crisis;secondly,Islamic extremism in the United Kingdom rises with the bias against Muslim in the British society due to fear to Islamophobia,which in turn precipitates the rise of Islamic extremism.In the process the Islamic Liberation Party has contributed to the development of Islamic extremism in the UK;thirdly,the key attacks of international terrorist organizations,the“lone wolf”terrorist surprise attacks and wrong military intervention in other countries’foreign policy drive the anti-terrorism of the UK into a dilemma.