以使用意图为视角的商标囤积法律规制——兼评新《商标法》第4条

Legal Regulations of Trademark Hoarding from the Perspective of Use Intentions--Comments on Article 4 of the New Trademark Law

新修订的《商标法》第4条在注册制度的基础上强调商标使用,有利于回归商标权本质,但其具体可操作性规则并未作规定。本文通过分析《商标法》第4条旨在规制商标囤积注册行为认为,“不以使用为目的”和“恶意”属于并列构成要件。针对使用意图的具体适用问题,需对“真实使用意图”与“真诚使用意图”“使用意图”与“实际使用”加以区分,并在借鉴国外有关使用意图规定的基础上,从审查机关和申请人两个角度出发,提出了具体的认定标准。

Article 4 of the newly revised“Trademark Law”emphasizes the use of trademarks on the basis of the registration system,which is conducive to returning to the essence of trademark rights,but its specific operating rules are not stipulated.This article analyzes Article 4 of the“Trademark Law”which aims at regulating the registration of trademark hoarding,and believes that“not for the purpose of use”and“maliciously”are parallel terms.Regarding the specific application of use intention,it is necessary to distinguish between“true use intention”and“bona fide use intention”,“use intention”and“actual use”.Drawing on the relevant provisions from abroad,a specific identification standard was proposed from the perspectives of the review authority and the applicant.