试论“第三语码”在对比分析中的地位及其描写研究模型

On the status of“the third code”in contrastive analysis and its descriptive model

翻译语言作为"第三语码"具有相对独立性,也具备进入对比分析框架的必要性和可行性,意味着对比语言学走进了"第三空间",其内涵的拓展足以引发对比语言学的理论路径和方法论的革新。与传统的原语对比分析的单一模型相比,本文将对比分析拓展为一个包含五种分析模型的框架体系:1)两种自然语言的对比;2)源语–译语–目的语的对比;3)两种译语的对比;4)基于原语对比分析的翻译研究;5)译语对目的语的调节研究。这一"动态对比语言学"旨在对两种自然语言及其之间的翻译语言进行对比分析,并对三者的互动关系进行共时或历时考察,其终极目标是探究以语言沟通为基础的世界关系及文明互鉴。

The translational language not only has its independence as the third code,but also claims the necessity and plausibility to be adopted into the frame of contrastive analysis(CA).It signifies that CA has entered"a third space"as a natural course with significant expansion of connotations.This would cause major changes in terms of theoretical approach and methodology for CA.In addition to the traditional single mode of a contrast between two languages,four more contrastive modes are proposed to establish a new system of CA:a contrast among source language,translational language and target language,a contrast between translational languages,a CA-based translation study,and an analysis of modulations of the target language as the result of the translational influence of the source language.The new system of CA goes beyond the comparison of two languages but to the interactive relations among the three codes which might throw light on promoting harmony and mutual learning among civilizations.