2013—2019年北京市房山区疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Analysis on adverse event following immunization in Fangshan,Beijing from 2013 to 2019

目的分析2013—2019年北京市房山区疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse event following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,评价AEFI监测系统运转情况和疫苗安全性。方法通过AEFI信息管理系统收集北京市房山区AEFI病例数据,采用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。结果2013—2019年全区共报告AEFI病例287例,其中一般反应201例,占70.03%;异常反应59例,占20.56%;偶合症27例,占9.41%;无细胞百白破疫苗报告率最高,为46.05/10万;报告病例主要发生在小年龄组(<2岁组占报告总数的78.40%);接种到发生AEFI时间≤1 d的267例,占93.03%。结论北京市房山区AEFI监测系统运转正常,目前所使用的疫苗安全性较好。但仍需要加强AEFI监测,规范预防接种操作,严格掌握疫苗接种禁忌证,减少AEFI发生。

Objective To analyze the onset characteristics of adverse event following immunization(AEFI)in Fangshan Beijing from 2013 to 2019,and to evaluate the implementation of AEFI surveillance system and the safety of vaccines.Methods Descriptive methods were used to conduct epidemiological analysis of AEFI case data of Fangshan collected via AEFI information management system.Results A total of 287 cases with AEFI were reported across district from 2013 to 2019,201 cases were found to have general reactions,accounting for 70.03%;59 cases had abnormal reactions,accounting for 20.56%;27 cases suffered from coincident disease,accounting for 9.41%;cell-free DPT vaccines were reported to have maximum incidence rate(46.05/100000);reported cases mainly occurred in younger age group(the populations with the age<2 years old accounted for 78.40%).There were 267 cases with the duration from the inoculation to the onset of AEFI satisfying≤1 day,accounting for 93.03%.Conclusion AEFI surveillance system in Fangshan,Beijing operates normally.The vaccination safety is satisfactory,while it remains to be necessary to strengthen the monitoring of AEFI,standardize the operation of vaccination,strictly grasp the contraindications and reduce the occurrence of AEFI.