1950年代初“前苏区”的土改:以赣南为中心的考察

Land Reform in the"Former Soviet Areas"in the Early 1950s:A Study Focusing on Southern Jiangxi Province

新政权建立之初,各级政府土改文件中称经历过土地革命的区域为“前苏区”。“前苏区”民众有浓厚的再次“变天”之忧。土改工作队员用心理学上的暴露疗法,引导民众诉“变天”之苦以打破动员僵局。部分“老革命”和烈属提出了报“变天”之仇的政治诉求和给予物质补偿的经济诉求;土改中,新政权主持了平复以满足其政治诉求,给烈士分田回应了烈属的经济诉求。在此过程中,新政权以前所未有的力量向“前苏区”基层社会渗透,迅速地获取了乡村民众的支持,新生的政权得以巩固。

At the beginning of the establishment of the new regime,the land reform documents of governments at all levels called the area that had experienced the Agrarian Revolution as the"former Soviet Areas".As the peasants in the"former Soviet Areas"then deeply worried about the second round of"regime change"from the CPC to Kuomintang.The land reform team members used psychological exposure therapy to guide the people to complain about the suffering of"regime change"in order to break the mobilization deadlock.Part of the"old revolution"and the martyrs'families put forward the political demands of revenge for the"regime change"and the economic demands of material compensation.During the land reform,the new regime presided over suppression of oppressors to meet its political demands,distributed land to martyrs and responded to the economic demands of martyrs'families.In this process,the new regime penetrated into the grass-roots society in the"former Soviet Area"with unprecedented strength,quickly obtained the support of the rural people,and the new regime was consolidated.