2种种衣剂对水稻和克氏原螯虾的安全性、恶苗病防效及残留动态研究

Study on Safety to Rice and Procambarus clarkii,Efficacy against Rice Bakanae and Residue Dynamics Using Two Seed Coating Formulations

本文系统地研究了全程(25%噻虫嗪·精甲霜灵·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂)和润苗(11%咯菌腈·精甲霜灵·嘧菌酯悬浮种衣剂)对水稻种子的安全性及其对水稻生长的影响,评价了其对恶苗病的防效、田间残留情况和对克氏原螯虾的毒性。结果表明,全程和润苗在200~800 g/100 kg种子处理范围内,对包衣处理的水稻发芽率无显著影响;全程400~800 g/100 kg种子、润苗200~800 g/100 kg种子处理剂量对恶苗病的防效可超过90%;各有效成分在水稻植株和土壤中的残留浓度很低,且随水稻生长而迅速降解;此外,全程和润苗对克氏原螯虾急性毒性均为低毒,二者的96 h-LC_(50)值分别为13.71和12.95 mg/L。综合考虑其药效、残留水平及对克氏原螯虾的毒性,全程和润苗在稻虾复合养殖中具有较好的应用前景。

In this study,we systematically investigated the effects of QC(25%fludioxonil·metalaxyl-M·thiamethoxam FSC)and RM(11%fludioxonil·metalaxyl-M·azoxystrobin FSC)on safety for rice seeds,rice growth,efficacy against bakanae disease,and assessed residue in rice field,as well as the toxicity to Procambarus clarkii.Results showed that,in the dosage range of 200-800 g/100 kg seed,QC and RM had no significant effect on the germination percentage.The efficacy of QC(400-800 g/100 kg seed)and RM(200-800 g/100 kg seed)against bakanae disease could reach more than 90%.The residue of active ingredients in the water and soil were quite low,which also degraded quickly with rice growth.In addition,the acute toxicity of QC and RM to Procambarus clarkii were low,with a 96 h-LC_(50) value being 13.71 mg/L and 12.95 mg/L,respectively.Comprehensively considering efficacy,residual level and toxicity to Procambarus clarkii.QC and RM both had a very good application future in rice-cray complex culture.