论环境法典总则编基本制度的构建理路

On the Establishment Principles for Basic Systems in General Provisions of Environmental Code

环境法典总则编中的基本制度,系上承总则编一般规定和生态环境治理体系部分,下启分则各编具体制度,外接其他部门法制度的“桥梁”。构建环境法典总则编基本制度应首先明确其作为基础性规制措施体系保障可持续发展和作为核心枢纽协调衔接环境法典内外规范的两大核心制度功能;为支撑其制度功能的实现,应以“整体观”方法体系和体系化方法确保基本制度规范的合规律性和可实施性,并通过两种方法的协同运用实现规范合规律性和可实施性的统一;进而在确定基本制度应包含的各类型具体制度,以及各制度间基本结构的基础上;最终结合“继受完善型”和“改革确认型”基本制度的特点,围绕基本制度规范应当包括的“定义与适用范围条款”“法权配置条款”“核心措施条款”以及“制度衔接条款”,形成环境法典总则编基本制度的规范设计方案。

Basis systems in General Provisions of Environmental Code are a connecting link between the part of general stipulations and the governance system in General Provisions and the specific systems in the specific provisions and also working as a“bridge”connecting with other department laws and systems.To establish the basic systems of Environmental Code,we shall firstly clarify two core system functions of guaranteeing the sustainable development as the fundamental regulative measure systems,and coordinating the specifications inside and outside the Environmental Code as a core hub;to support the realization of their system functions,we shall ensure the regularity and implementability of specifications for basic systems with the“holistic view”method system and the systematic method,and shall unify the regularity and implementability through the collaborative use of such two methods,so as to form the standardized design scheme for basic systems in General Provisions of Environmental Code based on confirming all kinds of specific systems to be contained in the specific systems as well as the basic structures between all kinds of systems,combined with the characteristics of basic systems of“continuing and improved type”and“reformed and confirmed type”,and around“clauses of definitions and applicable scope”,“clauses of Faquan distribution”,“clauses of core measures”and“clauses of system connection”to be included in the specifications for basic systems.