高速电主轴热误差及振动测试系统设计与实验

Design and Experiment of High-Speed Motorized Spindle Thermal Error and Vibration Test System

高速电主轴是现代机床的核心部件,针对其运转中存在振动、温升导致的热误差等问题,设计了由装夹平台和监测软硬件组成的测试系统。为精确获取振动量及变化微小的热延伸量,采用高精度的加速度传感器和激光位移传感器测量电主轴的振动和轴向位移;设计了一种温度传感标签用于监测电主轴的温度变化,可实现数据的无线传输,且测试时操作简便,信号传输稳定;基于LabVIEW开发了上位机软件可对原始数据进行预处理并实时显示和保存数据至指定位置;通过精度对比实验表明该测试系统可有效监测电主轴运转过程中的温度、热延伸和振动变化。

High-speed motorized spindle is the core component of modern machine tools. A test system composed of clamping platform and monitoring software is designed for the test of motorized spindles for the problems of vibration, temperature rise and thermal error during its operation. The vibration and axial displacement of the motorized spindle are measured by a high-precision acceleration sensor and a laser displacement sensor in order to obtain the vibration quantity and thermal extension quantity with small change accurately. A temperature sensing label is designed to monitor the temperature change of the motorized spindle,which can realize the wireless transmission of data. The host computer software is developed based on LabVIEW to preprocess the original data and save the data to the designated location in real time. The accuracy comparison experiment showed that the test system can monitor the temperature, thermal extension and vibration changes of motorized spindle effectively during operation.