数字贸易进口与企业间工资均等化

Digital Trade Import and Wage Equalization among Firms

基于企业-产品层面数据,采用双边连续差分法,间接评估了数字贸易进口对企业间工资分配的影响。研究发现,与传统进口贸易相比,数字贸易进口会促进企业间工资趋于均等化,这种促进效应主要源自行业内企业工资差距的缩小和工资水平中等偏上的企业的工资趋向行业内中位数工资。数字贸易进口可以通过减少距离成本、提升出口技术复杂度和提高进口贸易速度推动企业间工资均等化发展,但也会因价格差距的拉大而削弱其促进效应。进一步分析发现,企业开展数字贸易进口容易引致就业"替代效应"和进口"鲇鱼效应",这两种效应均会扩大企业间工资差距。

Based on the data at the enterprise-product level,this paper adopts the bilateral continuous difference method to indirectly evaluate the impact of digital trade imports on wage distribution among companies.The findings show that,compared with traditional import trade,the digital trade import will promote the wages among enterprises to be more equalized,and this kind of promoting effect is mainly originated from the narrowing of the wage gap of the enterprises within the industry and the wages of the enterprises with their wages at the middle or up levels tending to the median wage inside of the industry.The digital trade import can drive the development of wage equalization among the enterprises by reducing the distance cost,increasing the complexity of the export technology and speeding up the speed of import trade;however,this promotion effect may be weakened by the widening of the price spread.It is found from further analysis that the enterprises are more likely to have the“substitution effect”in their employment and the“catfish effect”in their import when they carry out the digital trade import,both of the two effects would widen the wage gap between firms.