无创呼吸机高频震荡通气系统研究与设计

Research and Design of Noninvasive High Frequency Oscillation Ventilation

目的解决现有高频震荡通气(High Frequency Oscillation Ventilation,HFOV)呼吸机输出震荡损失过大的问题,实现可采用面罩的无创HFOV。方法采用控制比例电控阀门对气流进行分流来产生震荡气流的方式,研究设计包括硬件控制电路、气流通路、系统控制软件在内的呼吸机通气系统。基于该通气系统,以主动模拟肺为通气对象,进行通气试验和分析。结果在设置震荡频率为5 Hz时,系统输出的气压震荡损失低于20%,15 Hz时仍低于50%。结论初步实现了低气道压、低潮气量的无创HFOV模式,为进一步临床应用提供了必要条件。无创HFOV模式的实现,将为呼吸疾病患者的治疗提供一种安全、有效的可选通气方案,将避免或减小通气过程对患者呼吸道等器官的损伤。

Objective To solve the problem of oscillation pressure losing excessively with the high frequency oscillation ventilation(HFOV),and to achieve the noninvasive HFOV ventilator which can be applied for patient ventilated with a mask.Methods A control system of noninvasive HFOV respirator was prepared with designs in hardware,software and air channel.By using the designed system,the active simulated lung being used as the ventilation object,the experiments were implemented for analyzing the results.Results The oscillatory pressure loss was less than 20%at 5 Hz and 50%at 15 Hz.Conclusion The noninvasive HFOV with low airway pressure and low tidal volume has been preliminarily realized.It provides a necessary condition for next clinical application.The noninvasive HFOV will provide the respiratory patients effective alternative ventilation.It will possibly avoid or reduce the injuries in airway and lung during ventilation.