黄精生品及不同炮制品对糖皮质激素致肾阴虚模型大鼠的作用比较

Effect of Crude and Processed Products of Polygonatum sibiricum on a Rat Model of Kidney-Yin Deficiency Induced by Glucocorticoid:A Comparative Analysis

目的比较黄精生品及不同炮制品对肾阴虚模型大鼠滋阴益肾作用的影响。方法采用大剂量灌胃氢化可的松方法制备肾阴虚大鼠模型。将70只SD大鼠随机分成空白组、模型组、阳性药组(六味地黄丸组)、生品组(黄精生品组)、两蒸组(黄精两蒸组)、四蒸组(黄精四蒸组)、九蒸组(黄精九蒸组),每组10只。各给药组大鼠按相应剂量灌胃给药,每天给药1次,连续11 d,空白组和模型组灌胃等量蒸馏水;实验开始后8~11 d,除空白组外,其余各组均灌胃氢化可的松注射液(50 mg/kg)。实验期间观察大鼠一般体征,测量大鼠体质量、体温;末次灌胃氢化可的松后,腹主动脉采血,分离血清和血浆,测定血清肌酐(creatinine,Cr)、皮质酮(corticosterone,CORT)以及血浆中环磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate,cAMP)、环磷酸鸟苷(cyclic guanosine monophosphate,cGMP)水平;摘取肾上腺组织,苏木精-伊红染色法进行病理学观察。结果与空白组比较,模型组大鼠各指标差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),肾上腺组织细胞损伤较为明显。与模型组比较,两蒸组、四蒸组大鼠的体质量显著升高(P<0.05),生品组、两蒸组大鼠体温显著降低(P<0.05);各给药组大鼠的血浆cAMP水平均显著降低(P<0.05),除生品组外其余各给药组大鼠血浆cGMP水平均显著升高(P<0.05),血清CORT、Cr水平及cAMP/cGMP比值显著降低(P<0.05)。与生品组比较,四蒸组大鼠血浆cGMP水平显著升高(P<0.05),四蒸组、九蒸组大鼠血清CORT、Cr水平显著降低(P<0.05)。各给药组均能在一定程度上改善受损的肾上腺组织。结论黄精生品及不同炮制品对肾阴虚大鼠症状均有一定程度的改善,酒制后黄精的滋阴益肾作用得到增强。其中四蒸黄精对肾阴虚模型大鼠环核苷酸系统、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴激素水平及肾上腺组织形态的改善效果最优。

Objective To investigate the influence of crude and processed products of Polygonatum sibiricum on its Yin-nourishing and kidney-nourishing effect in a rat model of kidney-Yin deficiency.Methods A rat model of kidney-Yin deficiency was established by high-dose intragastric administration of hydrocortisone.A total of 70 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,positive drug group(Liuwei Dihuang Pill),crude product group(crude product of Polygonatum sibiricum),2-time steaming group(Polygonatum sibiricum steamed 2 times),4-time steaming group(Polygonatum sibiricum steamed 4 times),and 9-time steaming group(Polygonatum sibiricum steamed 9 times),with 10 rats in each group.The rats in each administration group were given the drug at the corresponding dose by gavage once a day for 11 consecutive days,while those in the blank group and the model group were given an equal volume of distilled water by gavage,and on days 8-11 after the experiment started,all groups except the blank group were given hydrocortisone injection(50 mg/kg)by gavage.Signs were observed and body weight and body temperature were measured during the experiment;after the last administration of hydrocortisone by gavage,blood samples were collected from the abdominal aorta,and serum and plasma were isolated to measure the serum levels of creatinine(Cr)and corticosterone(CORT)and the plasma levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP);adrenal gland tissue was harvested and pathological observation was performed by HE staining.Results There were significant differences in all indices between the blank group and the model group(P<0.05),and the model group had marked injury of the adrenal gland tissue.Compared with the model group,the 2-time steaming group and the 4-time steaming group had a significant increase in body weight(P<0.05),and the crude product group and the 2-time steaming group had a significant reduction in body temperature(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,all administration groups had a significant reduction in the plasma level of cAMP(P<0.05),and all administration groups except the crude product group had a significant increase in the plasma level of cGMP(P<0.05)and significant reductions in the serum levels of CORT and Cr and the ratio of cAMP/cGMP(P<0.05).Compared with the crude product group,the 4-time steaming group had a significant increase in the plasma level of cGMP(P<0.05),and the 4-time steaming group and the 9-time steaming group had significant reductions in the serum levels of CORT and Cr(P<0.05).Each administration group had a certain degree of improvement in the injury of adrenal gland tissue.Conclusion The crude product and different processed products can improve the symptoms of rats with kidney-Yin deficiency to a certain extent,and the Yin-nourishing and kidney-nourishing effect of Polygonatum sibiricum is enhanced after processing with wine.Polygonatum sibiricum steamed 4 times has the best effect in improving the cyclic nucleotide system,HPA axis hormone level,and the histomorphology of adrenal gland.