侵犯公民个人信息犯罪的法益辨析

Differentiation of Legal Interests in the Crime of Infringing upon Citizens′Personal Information

法益侵犯是犯罪得以成立的基础,辨明侵犯公民个人信息犯罪的法益旨在明确入罪或出罪、成立该罪或他罪的边界。法益类型是分则罪名排布的重要依据,为法益发现提供了体系思考的径路。大量实践案例呈现出来的侵犯公民个人信息的数量多、金额大只是普遍现象,而不是必然现象;不宜执着于行为或现象的外观,而忽视违法性的实质;据此认为该罪法益的公共性并不能妥当处理其他构罪情形。他主体的优势地位不能否定公民对个人信息享有权利,具有社会危害性不等同于对公共法益的侵犯。尽管不可否认个人信息作为一种生产要素的社会属性,但侵犯公民个人信息犯罪之法益系个人法益的立场仍需坚守。

The infringement of legal interests is the basis for the establishment of a crime,and the purpose of identifying the legal interests of the crime of infringing on citizens′personal information is to clarify the boundaries of the conviction or non-conviction,and the establishment of the crime or other crimes.The type of legal interests is an important basis for the arrangement of specific charges,and it provides a path of systematic thinking for the discovery of legal interests.A large number of practical cases show that the infringement of citizens′personal information,great in both number and sum,is only a common phenomenon,not an inevitable phenomenon;it is not advisable to be obsessed with the appearance of the behavior or phenomenon while ignoring the essence of the illegality.Therefore,it is considered that the publicity of the legal interests of the crime cannot properlyhandle other crime-constructed situations.The dominant position of other subjects cannot deny that citizens enjoy rights to personal information,and social harm is not equivalent to an infringement of public legal interests.Although the social attribute of personal information as a production factor cannot be denied,the position that the legal interests of the crime of infringing on citizens′personal information are personal legal interests still needs to be adhered to.