自愈性超疏水材料在金属防护上的应用进展

Application Progress of Self-Healing Super-Hydrophobic Materials in Metal Protection

超疏水表面是一种具有特殊表面性质的新型材料,具有防水、防雾、防雪、防污染、抗氧化、防腐蚀和自清洁以及防止电流传导等重要特点。该种材料因为其微纳米级粗糙结构和低表面能性质开始用于金属防护,能够大大减少腐蚀介质与表面的接触面积,有效地增大腐蚀粒子侵入基体表面的阻力。首先对超疏水表面的3种主流理论模型进行介绍,然后从不同角度综述了不同修复机理下超疏水材料的自愈方式;重点对当超疏水表面受到物理或化学破坏时,微胶囊型、高聚物型和负载缓蚀剂型的自我修复机理进行说明,并介绍了不同超疏水材料在金属防护中的应用;最后指出了自愈性智能型超疏水涂料的发展方向。

Super-hydrophobic surface is a new kind of material with special surface properties,which has the important characteristics of waterproof,anti-fog,anti-snow,anti-pollution,anti-oxidation,anti-corrosion and self-cleaning as well as preventing current conduction.Because of its micro/nano rough structure and low surface energy properties,the material has been used to metal protection,which can greatly reduce the contact area between the corrosion medium and the surface,and effectively increase the resistance of corrosion particles to invade the substrate surface.In this paper,three main stream theoretical models of super-hydrophobic surface were introduced firstly,and then the self-healing methods of super-hydrophobic materials under different repair mechanisms were summarized from different perspectives.After that,when the super-hydrophobic surface was damaged by physical or chemical means,the self-healing mechanism of microcapsule,polymer and loaded corrosion inhibitor was emphasized,and the application of different super-hydrophobic materials in metal protection was introduced.Finally,the development direction of self-healing intelligent super-hydrophobic coating was pointed out.