麦克道尔与皮考克论知觉错误

McDowell and Peacocke on Perceptual Error

知觉合取论与析取论是处理知觉错误问题的主要进路。麦克道尔对析取论在认识论上的发展,取消了“最高共同因素”,构成对合取论的反驳,但他对知觉错误的能力解释仍存在可能的问题。皮考克的量纲形而上学似乎能给出更完整的解释,但仍具有理论上的模糊性、思辨性,而且他对麦克道尔的理解也略有不达。从世界观内在主义视角来看,皮考克的形而上学外在主义并非必要,在对思想与世界关系的新理解中,知觉的知识能力可以得到澄清,麦克道尔对知觉错误的解释依然是完备的。

Perceptional conjunctivism and disjunctivism are main approaches to dealing with the problem of perceptual error.McDowell’s disjunctivism in epistemology,by canceling the highest common factor,constitutes his rebuttal to the conjunctivism,but his interpretation of perceptual errors from the view of capability is still faced with its own trouble.Peacocke’s metaphysics of magnitudes seems to be able to explain perceptual errors more completely,however,this theory is still speculative and vague,and his understanding of McDowell is insufficient.From the internal perspective of the worldview,Peacocke’s externalism in metaphysics is not absolutely necessary.With the new understanding of the relationship between thought and the world,perception as the capacity for knowledge can be clarified.McDowell’s disjunctivism is still completely valid.