建构论视阈下科学知识的空间生产——基于SSK的知识空间性研究

On the Spatial production of scientific knowledge from the perspective of Constructivism——based on the spatial research of knowledge of SSK

传统科学观认为科学知识是客观而普遍的,而以SSK为代表的建构论者则强调科学知识是社会建构的产物。然而,即使对于SSK的研究,学界在一定程度上也忽视了SSK内部所蕴含的对知识构造之空间特性的探究。事实上,在建构论视阈下,空间的异质性是科学知识诞生的生产性因素,SSK对知识空间性的探究经历了一个变迁的过程。实验室研究是SSK空间研究形成的标志,实验室空间向公众空间的转向是知识空间研究的重要方向,而行动者网络理论对空间异质性的强调及科学知识索引性的空间与境性特质的揭示,均为SSK知识空间性研究的标志性结点,也是知识生产的重要空间特征。知识的空间性研究,对于研究科学史的空间叙事具有重要意义。

From the traditional view of science,scientific knowledge has the characteristics of objectivity and universality.Social constructionists represented by SSK believe that scientific knowledge is the result of social construction.However,even for the study of SSK,to a certain extent,scholars also ignore SSK’s exploration of the path in which knowledge is constructed by space.In fact,spatial heterogeneity is the productive factor for the generation of scientific knowledge from the perspective of construction theory.The spatial attention of SSK has experienced a changing process.Laboratory research is the symbol of the formation of the spatial research of SSK.The transformation from laboratory space to public space is an important direction of the spatial research of knowledge.The emphasis of actor network theory on spatial heterogeneity and the indexicality of scientific knowledge,are the symbolic links of the spatial research of SSK and important spatial features of scientific knowledge production.The research on the spatial nature of knowledge is of great significance to the spatial narration of the history of science.