海藻提取物对茶树抗寒性的影响研究

Effect of Seaweed Extract on Cold Resistance of Tea Plant

以海藻提取物为外源喷施物质,研究分析了海藻提取物可能含有的组分及低温下海藻提取物对茶树生理特性及相关基因的表达规律。结果表明,海藻提取物可能含有蛋白质、不饱和脂肪酸、甾体和糖类等物质;喷施海藻提取物,茶树叶片厚度、栅栏组织、海绵组织厚度均显著大于对照(p<0.01),栅栏组织和海绵组织比率增加。喷施海藻提取液20 d和40 d后叶绿素含量分别显著提高68.85%和97.88%,叶绿素降解缓慢,叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm、qP、NPQ、ETR显著大于清水(p<0.01),减轻了低温对叶片带来的光抑制破坏,同时刺激茶树体内SOD、POD和CAT酶活性的增强(p<0.01)。低温胁迫下海藻提取物组处理涉及茶树体内糖代谢、脂肪酸代谢、转运蛋白以及冷诱导相关基因均显著上调表达。海藻提取物能够显著提高茶树的低温耐受能力,对降低低温逆境对茶树的危害具有实际的应用价值。

Using seaweed extract as exogenous spraying substance,this paper studied and analyzed the possible components of seaweed extract and the effects of seaweed extract on the physiological characteristics of tea plant and the expression of related genes under low temperature.The results showed that seaweed extracts might contain proteins,unsaturated fatty acids,steroids,sugars and other substances.Spraying the seaweed extract,the leaf thickness,palisade tissue and sponge tissue thickness of tea plant were significantly greater than those of the control(p<0.01),and the ratio of palisade tissue and sponge tissue increased.After spraying the seaweed extract for 20 days and 40 days,the chlorophyll content was significantly increased by 68.85%and 97.88%(p<0.01),respectively,and the chlorophyll degradation was slow.The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters,i.e.,Fv/Fm,qP,NPQ,and ETR,of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of clean water(p<0.01),which alleviated the photoinhibition damage caused by low temperature,and stimulated the enhancement of of SOD,POD,and CAT enzyme activities in tea plants(p<0.01).Under low-temperature stress,the expression levels of carbohydrate metabolism,fatty acid metabolism,transporters,and cold-induced related genes of seaweed extract treatment group were significantly upregulated.Seaweed extract can significantly improve the low-temperature tolerance of tea plants,and has practical application value in reducing the harm of low-temperature stress to tea plants.