内冷蒸发腔式太阳能集热器的设计与实验分析

Design and Experimental Analysis of Inner-Cooling Vapor Chamber Solar Collector

太阳能是一种绿色清洁能源,高效利用太阳能是绿色发展的重要举措。为高效利用太阳能,设计并制造了一种内冷蒸发腔式太阳能集热器,将线聚焦菲涅尔透镜和复合抛物面聚光器组合成为多级聚光器,并利用内冷式蒸发腔作为接收器。提出了一种复合抛物面聚光器的设计方法,通过光学仿真和实验验证了多级聚光器设计的准确性和太阳能集热器的可靠性。仿真和实验结果表明:根据所提出的方法设计的复合抛物面聚光器可以高效聚光,光学效率达到78.42%;太阳能集热器在有透明塑料盖板密封的实验中,其热效率可以达到98.94%,能够高效吸收太阳辐射能和温室内的空气热量。

As a kind of green and clean energy,solar energy plays a significant role in green development.To use the solar energy efficiently,a solar collector with an inner-cooling vapor chamber was designed and manufactured.The solar collector consists of the inner-cooling vapor chamber which is used as the receiver,and the multi-stage concentrator which is combined the line-focus Fresnel lens(LFL)and the compound parabolic concentrator(CPC).In addition,the designing method of the compound parabolic concentrator was proposed,its accuracy and the reliability of the solar collector were verified through the optical simulation and experiments.The results of optical simulations and experiments show that the compound parabolic concentrator manufactured according to the designing method proposed in this paper can concentrate the sunlight efficiently,with an optical efficiency of 78.42%.In the experiments where the solar collector is sealed with a transparent plastic cover,the inner-cooling vapor chamber solar collector can efficiently absorb the radiated solar energy and the air heat in the greenhouse with a high thermal efficiency of 98.94%.