蠋蝽成虫对马铃薯甲虫卵和低龄幼虫的捕食能力

Preliminary study on adult Arma chinensis(Fallou)preying on Leptinotarsa decemlineata(Say)eggs and young instar larvae

【目的】马铃薯甲虫是我国已公布的全国农业植物检疫性有害生物名单中的害虫,自新疆传入后对我国马铃薯产业造成了巨大的损失,研究蠋蝽成虫对马铃薯甲虫卵和低龄幼虫的捕食能力,可为利用天敌防治马铃薯甲虫提供理论依据。【方法】采用室内饲养观察研究方法,并用HollingⅡ型圆盘方程对研究结果进行拟合,计算寻找效应。【结果】蠋蝽成虫能够捕食马铃薯甲虫卵和低龄幼虫,且捕食功能反应均符合HollingⅡ型圆盘方程,蠋蝽成虫对马铃薯甲虫卵和低龄幼虫的功能反应方程分别为N_(a)=0.2862 N/(1+0.0198N)和N_(a)=0.8400N/(1+0.0709N);在一定范围内,蠋蝽成虫对马铃薯甲虫卵和低龄幼虫捕食量在理论上随密度的增加而增加,当马铃薯甲虫的卵和低龄幼虫的密度分别达到20粒和20头时,蠋蝽成虫的捕食量最高;蠋蝽成虫对马铃薯甲虫卵和幼虫的最大日捕食量是14粒和12头,瞬时攻击率是0.2862和0.8400;蠋蝽对马铃薯甲虫卵的控制能力(4.1299)小于对低龄幼虫的控制能力(9.9526)。【结论】蠋蝽成虫对马铃薯甲虫卵和低龄幼虫有较好的捕食能力,但控制能力不同。

【Aim】Leptinotarsa decemlineata is a pest in China according to the National List of Agricultural Plant Quarantine Pests.After its introduction in Xinjiang,it caused considerable losses to the country′s potato industry.Examining predation of L.decemlineata eggs and young instar larvae by adult Arma chinensis provides an effective basis for the use of natural enemies to control L.decemlineata.【Method】The experiment was conducted in growth chambers using an indoor feeding observation method.The experimental results were fitted using the HollingⅡmodel pattern,and foraging efficiency was calculated.【Result】Arma chinensis adults can prey on L.decemlineata eggs and young instar larvae,and the predator functional response of A.chinensis adults to L.decemlineata eggs and young instar larvae approximated the HollingⅡtype.The predator functional response equations of A.chinensis adults to L.decemlineata eggs and young instar larvae were N_(a)=0.2862N/(1+0.0198N)and N_(a)=0.8400N/(1+0.0709N),respectively.Within a certain range,predation of L.decemlineata eggs and young instar larvae by A.chinensis adult increased with increasing density.When the density of L.decemlineata eggs and young instar larvae reached 20,respectively,predation by A.chinensis adults was at the highest rate.The maximum daily predation numbers of L.decemlineata eggs and young instar larvae by A.chinensis adults were 14 and 12,respectively,and the attacking efficiency was 0.2862 and 0.8400,respectively.The predation capacity of A.chinensis on L.decemlineata eggs(4.1299)was lower than that of young instar larvae(9.9526).【Conclusion】A.chinensis adult is a promising predator of L.decemlineata eggs and young instar larvae,however,at different respective control capabilities.