英国窄运河的转型路径与环境艺术设施研究

Research on the Paths of Transformation and Environmental Art Facilities of the Narrow Canals in Britain

窄运河在19世纪承担了重要的运输功能,是英国工业革命兴起与发展的重要保障。随着传统工业的衰落及公路、铁路的兴起,英国窄运河在第一次世界大战过后一度式微,直至运河的历史和娱乐功能被发觉后,开始转型实现复兴,并对英国的经济、生态和社会福祉产生了积极影响。本文系统梳理了英国窄运河的兴衰历程及转型路径,并全面分析了支撑英国发展运河旅游的环境艺术设施,以期为我国诸多窄河道的转型发展和乡村振兴提供有益的借鉴思路。

The narrow canals undertook important function in transportation in the 19th century and provided a significant support for the rise and development of the British Industrial Revolution. However, as the decline of traditional industries and the rise of modern highways and railways, the narrow canals in Britain were once diminished after the World War. It is only until the historical and recreational functions of the canals were discovered that the canals began to transform and revive, and had positive impacts on the economy, ecology, and social welfare of Britain. This paper systematically studies the rise and fall of the narrow canals in Britain and their paths of transformation,and also comprehensively analyzes the environmental art facilities that support the development of the canal tourism in Britain, hoping to provide useful ideas for the transformation and development of many narrow waterways and the rural revitalization in China.