柞蚕幼虫黄体色与白体色的遗传分析及类胡萝卜素组成比较

Genetic Analysis and Carotenoid Composition of Yellow and White Larval Body Color of Chinese Oak Silkworm(Antheraea pernyi)

为深入探讨柞蚕幼虫体色多样性的形成机制,分析柞蚕品种豫大1号(黄体色)和白一化(白体色,略带黄色)幼虫体色的遗传规律,并比较二者在体壁类胡萝卜素组成上的差异。杂交试验发现,F_(1)的幼虫体色为黄色,F_(2)有黄色和白色两种表型,且分离比符合3∶1;回交BC_(1)(F_(1)×豫大1号)均为黄色,而BC_(1)(F_(1)×白一化)则有两种表型,即黄色和白色,分离比符合1∶1。遗传分析表明,豫大1号的基因型为YYGG,白一化的基因型为YYgg,豫大1号的黄体色对白一化的白体色属于完全显性遗传。代谢组学分析发现,豫大1号中的类胡萝卜素含量(10.259μg/g)远高于白一化(1.167μg/g);白一化体壁中的叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素和玉米黄质含量远小于豫大1号。综上认为,体壁中类胡萝卜素的缺乏是导致白一化形成白体色的原因之一。

In order to explore the genetic mechanism for the diversity of body color in Antheraea pernyi,in this study,two strains Yuda 1 and Baiyihua exhibiting yellow and white body color respectively were used to perform genetic analysis and compare the carotenoid composition in integument.The results of hybridization test showed that F_(1) body color was yellow,F_(2) was yellow and white with a segregation ratio of 3∶1;BC_(1)(F_(1)×Yuda 1)was yellow,while BC_(1)(F_(1)×Baiyihua)was yellow and white with a segregation ratio of 1∶1.The genetic analysis suggested that the genotype of Yuda 1 was YYGG and that of Baiyihua was YYgg.The genetic mode of yellow in Yuda 1 showed complete dominant inheritance to white in Baiyihua.The metabolomic analysis of the integument revealed that the total content of carotenoids in Yuda 1(10.259μg/g)was far higher than that in Baiyihua(1.167μg/g),and the contents of lutein,β-carotene and antheraxanthin in the integument of Baiyihua were far lower than those in Yuda 1.It is suggested that the white body color of Baiyihua might be caused by the shortage of the carotenoids in the integument.