儿童烧伤预防和现场救治专家共识

Expert consensus on the prevention and first-aid management of burns in children

烧伤是位居第二的儿童意外伤害原因,也是小儿致残的主要原因之一。及时有效的现场救治对烧伤的预后有重大影响,但大众缺乏烧伤处理相关知识。该共识通过专家意见和查阅相关文献,对包括烧伤原因、烧伤的预防措施、常见烧伤的急救方法,以及对严重烧伤并发症的防治进行总结,将目前最适宜院前救治的方法进行推荐。旨在强调预防烧伤的重要性的同时,提高目击者和救援人员的现场救治能力,避免不当处置对患儿造成进一步损害,进而降低我国儿童居家意外烧伤的病死率和致残率,减少对家庭和社会的危害。该共识主要适用于现场施救医护人员、儿童父母及路人对儿童烧伤的院前初步处理。

Burns are the second leading cause of unintentional injuries in children and are one of the major causes of disability in children.Timely and effective first-aid management of burns can have a major impact on the prognosis,but there is still a lack of the knowledge on burn management in the general public.With reference to expert opinions and related literature,this consensus summarizes the causes of burns,preventive measures,first-aid methods for common types of burns,and the prevention and treatment of serious complications of burns.It also provides recommendations on the most appropriate pre-hospital treatment.This consensus aims to emphasize the importance of burn prevention,improve the ability of first-aid treatment among witnesses and rescuers,avoid further injury caused by inappropriate treatment,and reduce the mortality and disability rates of burns and the harm to family and society.It can be used as guidance for pre-hospital treatment of childhood burns by first responders,parents,and passers-by.