基于matK部分序列福建茶树遗传多样性分析

Study on genetic diversity of tea tree from Fujian Province based on matK partial sequence

为研究福建茶树的遗传多样性水平,以福建省5个地区51个茶树品种为样本,分析其遗传结构和遗传分化。结果表明:福建茶树matK部分序列长度为833 bp,存在26个多态位点(S),7种单倍型(Hap1~Hap7),表现为高单倍型多样性(0.525)和低核苷酸多样性(0.00189)。单倍体系统发育树形成4大分支,自展支持率均大于60%。不同茶树群体间的遗传距离为0.0003~0.0033,群体内遗传距离为0.0000~0.0037。福建茶树群体间分化系数Fst=-0.01622~0.50000和基因流Nm=-15.66307~15.21073。51个福建茶树的遗传多样性较低,不同群体之间存在一定程度的遗传分化。中性检验Tajima’s D、Fu and Li’D*and F*均为显著负值,错配分布曲线为单峰模式,表明福建茶树群体间发生了扩张事件。结果为进一步开发利用这一资源提供参考依据。

In order to study the genetic diversity of Fujian tea trees,the genetic structure and genetic differentiation of 51 cultivars of Fujian tea trees from 5 regions were analyzed.The results showed that the length of matK sequence of tea plants in Fujian was 833 bp,with 26 polymorphic sites(S)and 7 haplotypes(Hap1-Hap7),showing high haplotype diversity(0.525)and low nuclear glycoside diversity(0.00189).The haploid phylogenetic tree formed 4 branches,and the self-expanding support rate was greater than 60%.The genetic distance between different tea populations was between 0.0003 and 0.0033,and the genetic distance within the population was between 0.0000 and 0.0037.The differentiation coefficient of Fujian tea tree population was Fst=-0.01622-0.50000 and gene flow was Nm=-15.66307-15.21073.The genetic diversity of 51 Fujian tea trees was low,and there was a certain degree of genetic differentiation between different groups.Neutral tests Tajima’s D,Fu and Li’D* and F* were significantly negative values,and the mismatch distribution curve was a unimodal pattern,indicating that expansion events occurred among the tea tree populations.The results of this study provided a reference for further development and utilization of this resource.