“三高井”井喷失控着火井口重置关键技术与装备

Key Technology and Equipment for Wellhead Resetting after Blowout out of Control in High Pressure High Production and High Sulfur Content Wells

“三高井”井喷失控着火后,井口火势大、热辐射高、流体冲击力强,对抢险技术、装备要求极高。井口重置作为“三高”失控井抢险救援中最关键、难度最大的环节,面临新井口下放困难、连接法兰不容易对中、人员难以近井口作业等瓶颈问题,传统的扣装法、磨装法已无法完成此任务。针对此种情况,中国石油川庆钻探工程公司经过攻关,形成了操作灵活、适用范围广、易实现对中、且对中时间短的钢丝加压法,可克服高压气流对新井口向上的冲击力的重力加压法,集卡紧装置、密封装置为一体、可以实现远程一键控制的一体化重置法。采用攻关后的“三高井”井喷失控着火井口重置关键技术及装备,已在土库曼斯坦、川渝地区、新疆地区等多口井井喷失控着火处置中发挥了极其重要作用,成功完成井口重置。目前,该技术已达到国际先进水平。

The high pressure high production and high sulfur content wells after uncontrolled fire shall be with big fire at the wellhead,high thermal radiation and high impact strength of fluid,which is with high requirements for emergency technologies and equipment.As the most critical and most difficult role in the rescue of blowout out of control in high pressure high production and high sulfur content wells,wellhead resetting is faced with bottleneck problems such as difficulty in running the new wellhead,difficulty in aligning the connecting flanges and personnel with difficulty to access the wellhead.The traditional buckle covering method and rotating to alignment method have been unable to complete this task.In such cases,through tackling the key problems,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company has developed three wellhead resetting methods such as wire pressurized method which is with flexible operation,wide application scope,easy to realize the centralization and with short centralization time,gravity pressurized method which can overcome the upward impact force of high pressure flow on the new wellhead,and the integrated resetting method which is integrated with the clamping device and sealing device and can realize the remote one-button control.The key technology and equipment used in the wellhead resetting of uncontrollable blowout in high pressure high production and high sulfur content wells has played an extremely important role in the disposal of uncontrollable blowout fire in several wells in Turkmenistan,Sichuan and Chongqing region and Xinjiang region.At present,the technology has reached the international advanced level.