大学生英语演讲中的话语标记语对比研究

A comparative study of discourse markers in college students′English speeches

在认知语用视角下,通过定量统计和定性分析法,从频率、位置和语用效果三个方面对比分析高、低水平组大学生英语演讲中话语标记语的使用异同。总体上看,演讲者使用强化现有假设类话语标记语的频率最高,使用推导语境暗示类话语标记语的频率最低,且均倾向于在句首或句中使用话语标记语。高、低水平组的不同之处是:首先,高水平组使用话语标记语的总数较多,其中对强化现有假设类标记语的使用频次显著高于低水平组;其次,高、低水平组在句中和句末使用话语标记语时存在显著差异;最后,高水平组演讲者的语境认知能力更强,使用话语标记语时能达到更好的语用效果。在英语演讲教学中,应更加重视对话语标记语的使用。

From the cognitive-pragmatic perspective,this paper uses both quantitative and qualitative methods to compare the frequency,position and pragmatic effects of discourse markers used in high-level group and low-level group of college students'English speeches.Generally,the discourse markers concerned with strengthening are found to be the most frequently used,while those introducing contextual implications are the least frequently used;meanwhile,speakers all tend to use discourse markers at the beginning or in the middle of sentences.The differences between high-level group and low-level group are as follows:firstly,high-level group uses larger number of discourse markers,among which those concerned with strengthening are significantly more frequently used than low-level group;secondly,the frequency of discourse markers used in the middle and at the end of sentences is significantly different between high-level group and low-level group;finally,high-level group tends to have better contextual cognitive ability and achieve better pragmatic effects when using discourse markers.In the teaching and learning of English public speaking,more importance should be attached to the use of discourse markers.