直升机涡轴发动机叶片损伤检测与定量评估

Damage Detection and Quantitative Evaluation of Helicopter Turboshaft Engine Blades

针对某型舰载直升机涡轴发动机第1级压气机叶片无法实现损伤原位检测与定量评估的技术难题,结合实际工况,选取涡流检测作为原位无损检测方法,进行涡流检测定量评估方法研究。通过设计专用传感器和预制人工裂纹的试块,根据传感器检测情况,利用相位转化法得到人工缺陷的涡流检测幅值。采用正态概率分布和一元线性回归分析进行定量评估,得到涡流检测阻抗平面缺陷与检测信号的定量关系,解决了涡流检测仪阻抗平面显示标定定量评估的难题。对定量关系进行了检验,结果表明:所设计的专用传感器可有效解决第1级压气机叶片裂纹缺陷的检测问题;得到的定量关系y=585.29x-51.531符合实际情况,将该定量方法用于涡流检测仪进行定量评估,可实现自动评估,对实际应用具有指导意义。

Aiming at the technical problem that the damage in-situ testing and quantitative evaluation of first stage compressor blades of a helicopter turboshaft engine could not be realized,combined with the actual working conditions,eddy current testing was selected as the in-situ nondestructive testing method to study the quantitative evaluation method of eddy current testing. Through the design of special sensor and prefabricated artificial crack test block,according to the detection situation of the sensor,the eddy current detection amplitude of artificial defects was obtained by the phase conversion method. Using normal probability distribution and univariate linear-regression analysis for quantitative evaluation,the quantitative relationship between eddy current testing tester plane defects and detection signals was obtained,and the problem of quantitative evaluation of eddy current instrument impedance plane display calibration was solved. The quantitative relationship is tested and the results show that the special sensor can effectively solve the crack defect testing of first stage compressor blades. The quantitative relationship y=548.83 x-51.266 obtained accords with the actual situation. The quantitative method is applied to the quantitative evaluation of eddy current tester,which can realize automatic evaluation,and has guiding significance for practical application.