儿童葡萄膜炎临床特点分析

Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of Uveitis in Children

目的分析儿童葡萄膜炎的临床特点,探讨其病因和解剖类型及并发症情况。方法回顾性分析2014年11月—2020年10月该院眼科确诊的儿童葡萄膜炎患儿56例的临床资料,分析其临床特点,探讨其病因和解剖类型及并发症情况。结果56例儿童葡萄膜炎患儿中,91只眼受累。男26例(46.43%),女30例(53.57%)。平均就诊年龄(9.2±4.1)岁,平均发病年龄(8.1±3.2)岁。中位随访时间1.3(0.5,3.0)年。中位病程2(0.9,3.7)年。双眼葡萄膜炎35例(62.50%)多于单眼葡萄膜炎21例(37.50%)。右眼发病11例(19.64%),左眼发病10例(17.86%)。慢性炎症25例(44.64%)稍多于急性炎症23例(41.07%)。幼年性特发性关节炎(JIA)相关葡萄膜炎23例(41.07%)是最常见的病因类型,其次是特发性葡萄膜炎21例(37.50%)。前葡萄膜炎45例(80.36%)是最常见的解剖类型。28只眼(30.77%)出现眼部并发症,最常见的3种并发症分别是虹膜后粘连(16.48%)、并发性白内障(14.29%)及继发性高眼压(8.79%)。结论儿童葡萄膜炎病因复杂,类型多样,以女孩稍多见,多数双眼受累。前葡萄膜炎是最常见的解剖类型,JIA相关葡萄膜炎和特发性葡萄膜炎是最常见的两种病因,虹膜后粘连是最常见的并发症。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of childhood uveitis,and to explore its etiology,anatomical types and complications.Methods Retrospectively analyze the clinical data of childhood uveitis 56 cases diagnosed in the hospital from November 2014 to October 2020,analyze its clinical characteristics,and explore its etiology,anatomical types and complications.Results A total of 56 cases of childhood uveitis patients were collected,and 91 eyes were affected.There were 26 males(46.43%)and 30 females(53.57%).The average age of consultation was(9.2±4.1)years,and the average age of onset was(8.1±3.2)years.The median follow-up time was 1.3(0.5,3.0)years.The median duration of disease was 2(0.9,3.7 years)years.Binocular uveitis 35 cases(62.50%)was more than monocular uveitis 21 cases(37.50%).There were 11 cases(19.64%)in the right eye and 10 cases(17.86%)in the left eye.Chronic inflammation 25 cases(44.64%)was slightly more than acute inflammation 23 cases(41.07%).Juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA)-related uveitis 23 cases(41.07%)was the most common etiological type,followed by idiopathic uveitis 21 cases(37.50%).Anterior uveitis 45 cases(80.36%)was the most common anatomical type.Ocular complications occurred in 28 eyes(30.77%).The three most common complications were posterior iris adhesion(16.48%),concurrent cataract(14.29%)and secondary high intraocular pressure(8.79%).Conclusion The etiology of children's uveitis is complicated and the types are diverse.It is slightly more common in girls,and most of the eyes are affected.Anterior uveitis is the most common anatomical type,JIA-related uveitis and idiopathic uveitis are the two most common causes,adhesion behind the iris is the most common complication.