元代观画与题画及其画学意义

Painting Appreciation and Inscription in Yuan Dynastyand Their Significance in Painting

元代观画理论承继宋代而来,在探讨如何欣赏“高人胜士”画作的问题上,汤垕《古今画鉴》标举“天真”之说,对宋代的士人画精神进行了有力弘扬,并初步建构出中国绘画史上追求“逸趣”的流派统绪。元人的题画艺术将诗性思维融入绘画欣赏中,在人品胸次、人格境界以及艺术精神等层面进行解读。题画艺术的情感性与观画品鉴的理论性相互辉映,共同推动着元代文人画的趣味发展与艺术诉求。

The painting appreciation theory in Yuan Dynasty inherited from that of Song Dynasty.With regard to the issue of how to appreciate the paintings of experts and scholars,Tang Hou's Ancient and Modern Painting Reviews showed its way of naivety and effectively carried forward the spirit of scholars'paintings in Song Dynasty,which preliminarily constructed the school system of pursuing“leisure and charm”in the history of Chinese painting.The painting inscription art of the people in Yuan Dynasty integrates poetic thinking into painting appreciation,and interprets it at the levels of character,personality and artistic spirit.The emotion of painting inscription art and the theory of painting appreciation reflect with each other,which jointly promote the interest development and artistic appeal of literati painting in Yuan Dynasty.