基于体能练习的体育课堂教学对女中学生体质的影响

The Impact of Physical Education Classroom Teaching Based on Physical Exercises on the Fitness of Female Middle School Students

目的:探讨以速度、耐力、灵敏等素质练习为主的体能训练体育课堂对女中学生体质的影响。方法:选取青海省某高中二年级80名女学生为调查对象,将其随机分为实验组(n=40)和对照组(n=40),实验组进行体能训练课堂练习,对照组进行常规体育课堂学习。每周2次,共进行8周。实验前后对实验组和对照组学生进行坐位体前屈、1min仰卧起坐/俯卧撑/左右横跨、肺活量、闭眼单脚站立、立定跳远、50m跑和800m跑等指标测试。结果:(1)8周训练后,对照组学生50m跑和坐位体前屈成绩略有下降,其他7项指标在实验后均有提升,但是9项指标差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)实验组9项指标在实验后均有大幅度提升,各项指标均有非常显著性差异(P<0.01);(3)实验后与常规体育课堂相比,9项指标均有大幅度提升,除了50m跑和800m跑成绩提升不存在显著性差异(P>0.05)外,其他7项指标提升均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。研究表明,实验中设计的体能练习对学生的核心力量、腰腹柔韧性和机体灵活性的提高尤为明显,但是对于全身力量和心肺耐力的提升还有待加强。

Objective:To discuss the effect of physical training class based on speed,endurance and sensitivity on the physique of female middle school students.Methods:80 female students in grade 2 of a senior high school in Qinghai were selected as the research object and randomly divided into experimental group(n=40)and control group(n=40).The experimental group carried out physical training classroom practice,and the control group carried out routine physical education classroom learning.Twice a week for 8 weeks.Before and after the experiment,the students in the experimental group and the control group were tested by sitting forward flexion,1min sit ups/push ups/left-right crossing,vital capacity,eye closed one foot standing,standing long jump,50m running and 800m running.Results:(1)After 8 weeks of training,the results of 50m running and sitting forward flexion of students in the control group decreased slightly,and the other 7 indexes were improved after the experiment,but the difference of 9 indexes was not statistically significant(P>0.05);(2)The 9 indexes in the experimental group were significantly improved after the experiment,and there were very significant differences in all indexes(P<0.01);(3)After the experiment,compared with the conventional physical education classroom,the nine indexes were significantly improved.Except that there was no significant difference in the performance improvement of 50m and 800m(P>0.05),the other seven indexes were significantly improved(P<0.05).Conclusion The research shows that the physical exercise designed in the experiment improves students'core strength,waist and abdomen flexibility and body flexibility,but the improvement of whole-body strength and cardiopulmonary endurance needs to be strengthened.