民族思维方式与信仰消费:广西瑶族巫公舞治病仪式研究

On the Healing Ceremony of Witch Gong Dance of Yao Ethnic Group in Guangxi——An analysis of ethnic thinking mode and belief consumption

巫公舞是广西非物质文化遗产民族传统体育类项目,它来自于瑶族的传统习俗和民族文化。在民族心理和民族习惯的影响下,广西山区的传统瑶民会依靠巫公的治病仪式来治愈疾病。巫公作为"神选之人",具有"以舞降神"的本领,能通过仪式活动来调解和维护人神之间的失衡关系和失序秩序,使"人神伦理"关系回归到和谐有序,从而实现疾病的治愈。在瑶族民族文化和神灵信仰的基石之上,瑶民对生病、治病、康健过程的理解,能在思维逻辑、人神关系、宗教秩序方面得到较为圆满的解释。瑶民对巫公治病仪式的消费实际上是一种民族文化消费和信仰消费,包含着对民族传统文化中"礼"与"法"的尊崇和遵守,是瑶族民族观中社会伦理道德和礼法秩序规范的体现。通过治病仪式消费,瑶民能获得心灵慰藉和精神救赎,进而强化民族文化认同,传承民族文化,传递民族情感。

As the intangible heritage of Guangxi, Wu Gong dance is an ethnic traditional sports event, but its origin mainly comes from the traditional customs and ethnic culture of Yao ethnic group Under the influence of ethnic psychology and habits, the traditional Yao people in mountainous areas of Guangxi will rely on the witch’s healing ceremony to cure diseases As a "man chosen by God", the witch Lord has the ability of "subduing God by dancing" He can mediate and maintain the unbalanced relationship and out of order between man and God through ritual activities, so as to return the relationship of "man and God ethics" to harmony and order, so as to achieve the cure of diseases On the basis of Yao ethnic culture and belief in gods, Yao people’s understanding of the process of illness, treatment and health can be satisfactorily explained in terms of thinking logic, human God relationship and religious order The Yao people’s consumption of the witch cure ceremony is actually a kind of ethnic cultural consumption and belief consumption, including the respect and observance of "Rites" and "laws" in the ethnic traditional culture It is the embodiment of the social ethics and the order of rites and laws in the Yao people’s ethnic view Through the consumption of treatment rites, Yao people can gain spiritual comfort and spiritual salvation, thereby strengthening ethnic cultural identity, inheriting ethnic culture and conveying ethnic feelings.