明清易代之际寿序文研究——以吴伟业的寿序文为例

On the Birthday Preface in the Dynasty Change from Ming to Qing:Taking Wu Weiye′s Birthday Preface as an Example

明代蓬勃发展起来的寿序文,在明清易代之际的发展势头依旧有增无减。人们在乱世更追求享乐,追求短暂的奢侈生活,故类似于寿宴这种大型喧闹宴会成为一种流行。士人们跟风享乐,热衷参与此类活动。一些士人没有闲余的金钱随礼,有的只是肚子里的墨水,挥笔写下寿序文一篇祝贺随礼也合情合理。士人将寿序文写得更加具有个性,从而摆脱了单一的溢美之词的束缚。明清易代之际文学大家的代表人物吴伟业以诗歌为最,他的二十三篇寿序文,均有着属于其自身文人化的独特之处应给予其一定的关注。

The Birthday Preface,which flourished in the Ming dynasty,still continued to thrive at the turn of the dynasty change from Ming to Qing.People are more in pursuit of pleasure and short-term luxury life in troubled times,so large noisy banquet like birthday party will become a popular trend.Scholars enjoy themselves and are keen to participate in such activities.They don′t have any extra money as gifts,but they are only somewhat knowledgeable and intellectual.Therefore,it′s reasonable for them to write a preface to the birthday as a gift.The scholars′innovative display made the Birthday Preface more personalized,thus breaking away from the shackles of the single praise words.Wu Weiye,the representative at the turn of the dynasty change from Ming to Qing,takes poetry as the most important part.He has 23 Birthday Prefaces with his own unique characteristics of literati.We should also pay certain attention to it.