元杂剧《薛仁贵衣锦还乡》元刊本与明刊本之比较

A Comparison Between the Yuan and Ming Editions of the Yuan Drama Xue Rengui's Return to Hometown

“薛仁贵”的故事在民间家喻户晓,以之为题材的杂剧《薛仁贵衣锦还乡》有元刊、明刊两个版本。总体上,相较于元刊本的质朴本色,明刊本更为严谨雅正。在情节内容上,受到明朝禁戏政策的影响,明刊本歌功颂德成分增加,强化了忠臣孝子的伦理观念;在脚色上,受戏曲发展规律的影响,明刊本增加丑脚,脚色细化,脚色体制更为成熟;同时,元刊本作为舞台本,宾白大量省略,而明刊本作为案头文本,主要供市民阅读赏鉴,曲牌减少,曲词雅化,宾白大量扩充,剧情更完整也更曲折跌宕,剧本的艺术性更强。

The story of"Xue Rengui"is well-known in the folk.The drama"Xue Rengui's Return to Hometown"has two different editions:Yuan and Ming.In general,compared with the plain nature of the Yuan edition,the Ming edition is more rigorous and elegant.In the content of the plot,influenced by the Ming Dynasty theatre ban policy,the elements of singing and chanting virtues increased,strengthening the ethics of loyal ministers and filial sons.In terms of character,influenced by the law of the development of opera,the Ming edition adds the clown role,in which the roles are more detailed,and the role system is more mature.As a stage text,the spoken parts in the Yuan edition are largely omitted,while the Ming edition is used as a desk text,mainly for the public to read and appreciate,Therefore,the tune names are reduced,the words are refined,and the spoken parts are expanded greatly.At the same time,the plot is more complete,with twists and turns,and the script is more artistic.