海滩养护修复过程中拦沙堤的应用

Application of groin system in beach nourishment

拦沙堤作为海滩养护最常用的辅助工程之一,在全球范围内得到广泛应用。在总结我国海滩养护过程中拦沙堤应用现状的基础上,将拦沙堤的功能分为3类(防泥沙扩散、防沿岸输沙、防浪+防输沙),并详细分析这3类拦沙堤在我国海滩养护的应用现状和发展规律。基于国内外工程实践,进一步探讨海滩养护中拦沙堤的多项应用创新:组合式拦沙堤设计、拦沙堤平面形态优化、拦沙堤堤群设计、拦沙堤+潜堤组合优化、拦沙堤+旁通输沙/循环养护。最后,展望未来海滩养护中拦沙堤的发展应用趋势(拦沙量的精准调控、丰富多样的形态设计、基于“自然工法”的生态化建设),并给出了相关建议。

As one of the most used auxiliary projects for beach nourishment,groins are widely used worldwide.Based on the summary of the application status of groin system in Chinese beach nourishment,we divided the groin functions into three categories(prevention of sediment diffusion,prevention of longshore sediment transport,wave sheltering+prevention of sand transport),and detailedly analyzed the application law of these three categories.According to the analysis of the engineering practice of beach nourishment at home and abroad,we further explored a number of application innovations of groins:design of combined groin,optimization of groin layouts,design of groin field,optimization of groin plus submerged breakwater,and groin plus sand bypassing/sand recycling.At last,the future development of groins applied in beach nourishment(precise control of the sand blocking amount,rich and diverse form designs,and ecological construction with nature)was prospected and suggestions were put forward.