我国环境污染责任保险制度的进路探析

Path of Environmental Pollution Liability Insurance in China

环境污染责任保险是服务于美丽中国建设的一项重要的环境风险管理工具。我国环境污染责任保险强制推行的法律依据不足、相关技术指导文件空缺、人才和服务短板尚待弥补是环境污染责任保险遭遇供需双冷局面的深层缘由。通过与域外环境污染责任保险制度完备国家的对比考察,其环境污染责任保险法律体系的完善、企业违法的高成本以及健全的配套机制,皆为我国发展环境污染责任保险值得借鉴之处。为此,我国可以依照建立健全环境污染责任保险法律体系、协助保险机构提升承保能力、激发企业提升投保需求“三管齐下”的总思路,来探索出一条具有中国特色的环境污染责任保险制度的发展之路。

Environmental pollution liability insurance is an important environmental risk management tool for the construction of Beautiful China.Through the classification and analysis of various pilots across the country,it is concluded that insufficient legal basis for compulsory implementation of environmental liability insurance,vacancies in relevant technical guidance documents and shortcomings in talents and services are the underlying reasons that environmental liability insurance encounters the shortage of supply and demand.Compared with countries that possess complete environmental pollution liability insurance systems,it is concluded that the legal system is unsound,the cost of breaking law of corporate is low,and the supporting mechanism is deficient.To this end,in order to explore an environmental pollution liability insurance development with Chinese characteristics,the general line our government can follow is that establishing and improving the legal system of environmental liability insurance,assisting insurance institutions to improve underwriting capabilities,and stimulating enterprises to increase insurance demand.