新型气爆震源技术在山西山区深部煤层气地震勘探中的应用研究

Applied Research of New Gas Exploder Technology on Mountainous Area Deep CBM Seismic Prospecting in Shanxi

地震勘探中,地震信号的激发源可分为炸药震源和非炸药震源。由于炸药震源环境破坏大、危险性高、可重复性差等缺点,近年来随着环保问题及公共安全问题的日益突出,炸药在地震勘探中的使用遇到了很大的限制,因此学者们一直研究用非炸药震源激发地震波。气爆震源是一种非炸药震源,它可以弥补炸药震源的不足。在山西山区地形条件下进行新型气爆震源激发地震波试验,通过与普通炸药震源激发的地震波在能量、频率及信噪比等方面进行的激发效果对比研究发现,井深相同情况下气爆震源激发的能量低于炸药震源,约为炸药激发能量的四分之一,气爆震源激发地震波的主频和频带宽度高于8kg炸药震源,这说明在一些特殊的无法利用炸药震源激发的情况下,气爆震源可以作为炸药震源的一种补充方式进行地震波的激发。

In seismic prospecting,seismic signal hypocenters can be partitioned into explosives and non-explosives.Owing to explosives have shortcomings of large environmental destruction,high risks and poor repeatability etc,and with environmental protection,and public security issues growing prominent in recent years,the use of explosives in seismic prospecting has encountered greater restrictions.Thus scholars have been always studied to use non-explosives in seismic wave excitation.The gas exploder is a kind of non-explosive hypocenter;it can remedy defects from explosive hypocenter.The paper has carried out gas exploder test under mountainous topographic conditions in Shanxi.Through contrastive study with common explosive excited seismic wave on aspects of energy,frequency and S/N ratio etc have found that under a same well depth,energy from gas exploder is lower than from explosive about one fourth,but master frequency and frequency band width are higher than 8kg explosive hypocenter,indicated that under some special and cannot use explosive conditions,gas exploder can be used as supplementary method to explosive hypocenter.