高原高寒木里矿区生态治理中土壤重构治理效果研究

Study on Plateau Frigid Zone Muri Mining Area Ecological Management Soil Reconfiguration Effect

青海木里矿区海拔高、气候寒冷、生态环境脆弱,并且经过多年的露天开采,聚乎更矿区土壤层被大规模剥离,对整个生态系统扰动剧烈,失去了土壤原有的功能。遵循“山水林田湖草是一个生命共同体”的理念,以“自然修复为主、人工修复为辅”的治理原则,对聚乎更八号井、九号井进行土壤重构,其限制性因素包括含石率较高、土壤板结、地表土不足、土壤团粒结构差四个主要问题。针对存在问题,提出了将渣土+基质土+有机肥+牧草专用肥充分混合以达到土壤重构。实践结果表明,该方法的实施提高了土壤各项指标含量,取得较好的复绿效果,生态服务功能得到了显著提升,促进了生态系统向正向演替发展。相关研究成果可为高原高寒生态破坏区土壤重构提供研究实例。

The Muri mining area in Qinghai Province has high altitude,cold climate and fragile entironment.After surface coal mining over the years,soil layer in the Juhugeng mine area has been extensively stripped and disturbed entire ecosystem,lost soil original functions.Following the idea of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grass system is a community of life,taking“mainly natural restoration supplemented by artificial rehabilitation”management principle carried out soil reconfiguration in Juhugeng minefield Nos.8 and 9.The constraint factors have higher rock content,soil hardening,topsoil deficient and poor soil aggregate structure four main issues.Considering the four issues have proposed to fully mix slag,matrix soil,organic fertilizer and pasture special fertilizer together and archive soil reconfiguration.Practical results have shown that the implementation of the method can improve soil indices and content,archive better virescence effect,thus ecological service function obviously improved,ecosystem positive succession development promoted.Related research findings can provide instances for plateau frigid zone ecological damaged area soil reconfiguration.