苜蓿切根补播施肥机气送式集排系统优化设计与试验

Optimal Design and Experiment of Pneumatic and Pneumatic Collecting and Discharging System of Alfalfa Cut-root Reseeding and Fertilizer Applicator

为提高苜蓿切根补播施肥机气送式集排系统工作性能,利用EDEM软件和Fluent软件对气送式集排系统工作过程进行联合仿真,以管道内部流场压力与速度变化情况、种子颗粒速度与受力情况为指标,分析波纹管和分配头结构参数对集排系统工作性能的影响,进而优化了其结构参数。以输种弯管弯径比、波纹管长度和分配头锥角为试验因素,以各行排量一致性变异系数和总排量稳定性变异系数为试验指标,进行Box-Behnken响应面分析仿真试验,获取集排系统最优结构参数组合。结果表明,当弯径比为0.96、波纹管长度为183 mm、锥角为123.4°时,各行排量一致性变异系数为3.06%,总排量稳定性变异系数为3.17%。样机大田性能试验结果表明,在不同的螺旋输送机输送效率条件下,苇状羊毛种子、固体颗粒肥各行排量一致性变异系数和总排量稳定性变异系数均小于5%。

In order to improve the working performance of the air-supplied collecting and discharging system of alfalfa cut-root reseeding and fertilizer applicator,the EDEM software and Fluent software were used to co-simulate the working process of the air-carrying collector and distributing device,using the internal flow field pressure and velocity changes in the pipeline,the seed particle velocity and the force as indicators to analyze the impact of configuration parameters of the corrugated pipe and the distribution head on performance of the platoon,and its structural parameters were optimized.Taking the elbow diameter ratio,length of the fold pipe and taper angle of the distribution head as the test factors,and coefficient of variation of the consistency of each row displacement and coefficient of variation of the total displacement as the test indicators,the Box-Behnken response surface analysis simulation set and row test was carried out to obtain the optimal combination of structural parameters of the collection system.The results showed that when the bending diameter ratio was 0.96,the length of the corrugated tube was 183 mm,and the taper angle was 123.4°,at this time,the coefficient of variation of the consistency of each row s displacement was 3.06%,and the coefficient of variation of the total displacement was 3.17%.The field performance test results of the prototype showed that under different conveying efficiency conditions of the screw conveyor,the consistency coefficient of variation of the row of reed wool seeds and solid granular fertilizer and the coefficient of variation of the total discharge were less than 5%.