当代民间信仰实践的动力学初探——基于晋南娥皇女英信仰的田野调查

Dynamics of Contemporary Folk Beliefs:A Case Study of the Empress Er Belief

改革开放以后,大量民间信仰及仪式重新出现在乡村社会中,这一现象受到了学界的广泛关注,并形成了多种解释框架。本文通过晋南羊村娥皇女英信仰的田野调查发现,民间信仰在当下的实践动力,主要源于民间信仰自身的结构特征,包括传说、村庙、仪式。正是传说叙事与神圣崇拜、村庙景观与村落秩序、仪式展演与村际关系之间的相互表达,构成了信仰实践的叙事性动力、象征性动力和关系性动力,使民间信仰能够经受现代理性话语体系的冲击,实现民间信仰在当代的传承。

Since the reform and opening up,a large number of folk beliefs and rituals have reemerged in rural societies.This phenomenon has been interpreted by many scholars and analysts.This article investigates the Empress Er belief occurred in village Yang in the south of Shanxi province and finds that the driving forces of contemporary folk beliefs are their structural characteristics such as legends,village temples,rituals,and so on.The mutual expression of legend narration and God worship is the narrative driving force of the belief,the mutual expression of temple landscape and village order is the symbolic driving force of the belief,and the mutual expression of ritual performance and inter-village relations is the relational driving force of the belief.They enable folk beliefs to endure the impacts of modern rational discourses and to achieve development at the present time.