玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体中杂质的相互作用

Effective interaction between impurities in Bose-Einstein condensates

文章研究了两个杂质浸入玻色凝聚体中的相互作用.通过使用微扰法,计算了在弱杂质-玻色子相互作用区域中的基态能量.结果表明基态能量与两杂质之间的相对距离有关.从基态能量出发,研究发现不管杂质与玻色子相互作用是处在排斥状态还是吸引状态,两杂质之间都有保持吸引趋势;而当一个杂质与玻色子相互作用是吸引时,另一个为排斥时,两个杂质之间呈现出了排斥的效果.通过杂质之间有效力的计算也验证了上述现象,进一步研究凝聚体密度背后的力学机制,再次得出了一致结论.

The paper studies the interactions between two impurities immersed in Bose-Einstein condensates.By using perturbation method,the ground state energy in the weak impurity-boson interaction region is calculated.The results show that the ground state energy is related to the relative distance between the two impurities.Starting from the ground state energy,we found that regardless of whether the impurity-boson interaction is repulsive or attractive,the two impurities have a tendency to maintain attraction.When one impurity-boson interaction is attractive and the other is repulsive,the effect between the two impurities appears to be repulsive.The calculation of the effective force between the impurities also verified the above phenomenon.Further study of the mechanical mechanism behind the density distribution of condensates again leads to a consistent conclusion.