国产5083铝合金高速磁浮司机室蒙皮成形研究

Research on skin forming of domestic 5083 aluminum alloy high speed maglev cab

对时速为600 km·h^(-1)的高速磁浮司机室蒙皮成形进行研究,试验材料为国产5083铝合金板材,采用热冲压与超塑气胀复合的快速超塑成形技术,基于MSC.Marc/MENTAT有限元模拟软件,在不同凸模凸头长度和目标应变速率下进行有限元模拟,根据有限元模拟结果进行参数优化,得到最佳工艺参数并进行成形试验,最后对成形试验得到的零件进行质量分析。结果表明,采用快速超塑成形技术成形效率高,壁厚减薄率满足≤25%的技术要求;外形尺寸偏差在±5 mm范围,成形精度满足要求;成形后零件的抗拉强度为268 MPa,断后伸长率为21.2%,力学性能满足技术要求。

The skin forming of high speed maglev cab with speed of 600 km·h^(-1) was studied,the test material was domestic 5083 aluminum alloy sheet,and the rapid superplastic forming technology combining with hot stamping and superplastic inflation was adopted.Based on MSC.Marc/MENTAT finite element simulation software,the finite element simulation was carried out with different convex lengths and strain rates.The parameters were optimized according to the finite element simulation results to obtain the best process parameters,the forming test was carried out,and finally the quality analysis of the parts obtained by the forming test was performed.The results show that the rapid superplastic forming technology has high forming efficiency and the wall thickness reduction rate can meet the technical requirement of less than 25%.Dimensional deviation of shape is in the range of ±5 mm,the forming accuracy meets the requirements.The tensile strength of the formed parts is 268 MPa,and the elongation after fracture is 21.2%.The mechanical properties meet the technical requirements.