2014—2020年成都市某哨点医院5岁以下腹泻患儿腺病毒分子流行病学特征

Molecular epidemiology of adenovirus infections among infants with diarrhea in a sentinel hospital in Chengdu city of China from 2014 to 2020

目的了解2014—2020年成都市腹泻患儿腺病毒(human adenovirus,HAdV)的分子流行病学特征,为成都地区腺病毒感染腹泻的预防和控制提供科学依据。方法采集成都市妇女儿童中心医院2014—2020年感染性腹泻患儿的粪便样本1570份(男性患儿样本991份,女性患儿样本579份),用聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)法进行腺病毒六邻体基因核酸扩增、序列测定和系统进化分析。结果1570份样本中检出腺病毒阳性样本155份,阳性率为9.87%。其中男性患儿腺病毒阳性检出率为8.98%(89/991),女性患儿腺病毒阳性检出率为11.40%(66/579),男女患儿腺病毒阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.362,P=0.124)。腺病毒引起的腹泻主要发生在2岁以下婴幼儿,占腺病毒阳性总数的83.87%(130/155)。在5月和10—12月分别出现了两个腺病毒感染高峰。155份阳性样本测序得到62条腺病毒Hexon基因序列,其中HAdV-F41型共获得46份(74.20%)占有绝对优势,还得到HAdV-B3型11份(17.74%),HAdV-C1型2份(3.23%),HAdV-F40型1份(1.61%),HAdV-E4型1份(1.61%),HAdV-B14型1份(1.61%)。结论成都地区腺病毒分别在春季(5月)和秋冬季(10—12月)存在两个感染高峰。腺病毒引起的腹泻主要发生在2岁以下婴幼儿,5岁以下腹泻患儿中腺病毒呈现出型别多样性的特征,以HAdV-F41型为优势流行株。

Objective To study the molecular epidemiological characteristics of human adenovirus(HAdV)in children with diarrhea in Chengdu city of China from 2014 to 2020.Methods A total of 1570 stool samples were collected from children with infectious diarrhea(991 male and 579 female)in Chengdu Women′s and Children′s Central Hospital from 2014 to 2020.The adenovirus hexon region gene was detected by PCR,sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.Results Of the 1570 samples,155(9.87%)were positive for HAdV.The positive rate of HAdV was 8.98%(89/991)in males and 11.40%(66/579)in females(χ^(2)=2.362,P=0.124).Diarrhea caused by HAdV mainly occurred in infants under 2 years old,accounting for 83.87%(130/155)of the total adenovirus-positive cases.There were two peaks of HAdV infection in May and October to December,respectively.Sixty-two positive PCR products were sequenced and analyzed.HAdV-F41 was the most prevalent serotype(74.20%,46/62),followed by HAdV-B3(17.74%,11/62),HAdV-C1(3.23%,2/62),while only one case of each for HAdV-F40,HAdV-E4 and HAdV-B14.Conclusions There are two peaks of HAdV infection in spring(May),autumn and winter(October-December),respectively.Diarrhea caused by HAdV mainly occurs in infants under 2 years old.Human adenovirus epidemic is complex and HAdV-F41 is the dominant strain of adenovirus in children under 5 years old with diarrhea in Chengdu district of China.