生活·生长·经验--杜威“教育本质论”的新时代解析

Life,Gowth and Experience--An Analysis of Dewey’s “Theory of Essence of Education” in the New Era

杜威“教育本质论”的内涵主要体现在三个方面:教育即生活,教育为儿童提供更好的社会化服务;教育即生长,教育应尊重儿童的自然成长;教育即经验持续不断地改组或改造,教育促进个体的全面发展与成长。杜威的“教育本质论”具有强调互动性、凸显社会性和重视心理性等特点:纠正舛错的儿童观,为儿童的自然生长赋能;认清教育的最终目的,即更好地促进个体社会化;个体的发展应周全,即重视智力因素和非智力因素对个体发展的影响与作用。

The connotation of Dewey’s theory of the essence of education is mainly embodied in the following three aspects:Education is life.It means that education should serve the process of children’s socialization better.Education is growth.It believes that the natural growth of children should be respected by education.Education is the process during that the experience is constantly reorganized or transformed.It adheres to the theory that education should empower individuals for their full potential and development.Theory of the essence of education is an educational philosophy which highlights the interactivity,and the sociality and value on the psychological-mindedness.It gives some inspiration for modern people in the new age.Firstly,to correct the wrong view on children,and to empower the natural growth of children.Secondly,to get a clear understanding of the ultimate purpose of education,that is,to support the socialization of individuals in a better way.Thirdly,to achieve a comprehensive and thorough development of individuals.That is to say,equal emphasis on the influence and effect of both intelligence factor and nonintellectual factor should be given to the individual development.