棒状薄层色谱法在煤焦油组成分析中的应用

Application of rod thin layer chromatography in composition analysis of coal tar

建立了快速测定煤焦油组成的棒状薄层色谱—氢火焰离子化检测法(TLC-FID),分别对样品溶剂、展开剂、展开距离等实验条件进行研究。结果表明,使用3种展开剂可以将煤焦油样品中饱和烃、芳香烃、胶质、沥青质较好地分离开,第1展开剂为正庚烷,第2展开剂为甲苯,第3展开剂为二氯甲烷,并用棒状薄层色谱法检测煤焦油组成较为合适。该方法可用于煤焦油生产企业快速检测煤焦油组成的变化。

A fast method for the determination of coal tar composition by TLC-FID was established to conduct the study on the ex⁃perimental conditions such as sample solvent,developing agent and developing distance.The results showed that the saturated hy⁃drocarbons,aromatic hydrocarbons,colloid and asphaltene in coal tar samples can be separated by using three kinds of developing agents.The first developing agent is n-heptane,the second developing agent is toluene,and the third developing agent is dichloro⁃methane.It is suitable to detect the composition of coal tar by TLC.The method can be used to quickly detect the change of coal tar composition in coal tar production enterprises.