社会资本对贫困大学生的就业影响研究--基于江苏省8所院校调查结果的分析

A Study on the Influence of Social Capitalon the Employment of Poor College Students

社会资本禀赋与使用状况对大学生的就业质量有较大影响。根据江苏省8校的2116份问卷调查数据,对贫困大学生与非贫困大学生的社会资本禀赋与使用状况进行比较分析后发现,贫困大学生的社会资本数量与质量都较低,社会资本的使用机会较少,且通常运用“弱关系”与“低质量”的社会资本来获取就业资源,造成贫困生求职成本增加、就业机会降低以及就业质量不高等新问题。因此,既要利用完善就业市场、优化就业机制、创新就业政策与环境等政策性手段,又要发挥高校内部管理效用促进贫困生的社会资本生成与资本结构改善,并从根本上培养学生自身社会资本运用能力,提升贫困生就业竞争力。

The endowment and use of social capital have a great influence on the employment quality of college students.According to the data of 2116 questionnaires from 8 universities in Jiangsu Province,this paper makes a comparative analysis on the endowment and use of social capital between poor college students and non-poor college students.The results show that the quantity and quality of social capital of poor college students are low.There are few opportunities for the use of social capital,and social capital with"weak relationship"and"low quality"is usually used to obtain employment resources,which leads to some new problems,such as the increase of job-hunting cost,the reduction of employment opportunities and the low quality of employment of poor students.Therefore,we should not only make use of policy means such as perfecting the employment market,optimizing the employment mechanism,innovating the employment policy and environment,but also give full play to the effectiveness of internal management in colleges and universities to promote the generation of social capital and improve capital structure of poor students,and fundamentally cultivate poor students’own ability to use social capital to enhance their employment competitiveness.