中国南海贝类重金属污染状况及健康风险评价

Shellfish Pollution Status and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in South China Sea

该研究分析了我国南海19个地区贝类生物体中重金属汞、镉、铅、铬、铜及砷污染状况,利用美国环保署提出的人体健康风险评价模型进行了健康风险评价。结果表明,依据《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量GB2762-2017》的污染物限量要求,仅深圳南澳近岸海域无机砷含量超标;依据《农产品安全质量无公害水产品安全要求GB18406.4-2001》的最高限量要求,部分地区的铅、镉和总砷含量超标。南海19个地区镉、砷污染健康风险等级未超过Ⅲ级,低于国际辐射防护委员会和美国环境保护署要求的最大可接受风险值,健康风险强度处于可以接受水平。汞、铅、铬、铜污染风险值均远低于荷兰建设和环境部规定的可忽略风险水平,符合健康风险评价Ⅰ级标准,健康风险强度可以忽略。

The pollution status of Hg,Cd,Pb,Cr,As and Cu in shellfish in 19 areas of South China Sea was ana⁃lyzed,and health risk for Hg,Cd,Pb,Cr,As and Cu pollution was conducted using the human health risk assessment model proposed by the Environmental Protection Agency(EPA).The results showed that only the inorganic As con⁃tents of shellfish in Nearshore Sea of Nan′ao exceeded the limit of GB2762-2017.the Pb,Cd and total As contents of shellfish in some coastal areas exceeded the limit of GB18406.4-2001.The health risk for Cd and As pollution in 19 areas were lower than the maximum acceptable risk limit of the International Radiation Protection Association(IRPA)and the EPA,the risk grade was III,and the health risk intensity for Cd and As pollution was acceptable.The health risk for Hg,Pb,Cr and Cu pollution were well below the negligible risk limit of the Netherlands Ministry of Construction and Environment,the risk grade wasⅠ,and the health risk intensity for Hg,Pb,Cr and Cu pollution was negligible.