多阶段健康教育模式对初次分娩后妇女避孕知识、行为及意外妊娠的影响

Effect of multi-stage health education on contraception knowledge,behavior and unintended pregnancy of women after first delivery

目的探讨多阶段健康教育模式对初次分娩后妇女避孕知识、行为及意外妊娠的影响。方法400名初次分娩后妇女随机分为常规组和多阶段组,每组200名。两组产后均接受常规的健康教育。多阶段组同时接受包含妊娠保健、避孕指导、个性化避孕措施建议、定期推送的产后避孕知识的产后多阶段健康教育。采用问卷法调查两组产后第180天的产后避孕知识知晓情况,对比两组产后180 d内的避孕行为及1 a内的意外妊娠情况。结果多阶段组妇女的产后避孕知识得分高于常规组,产后180 d内恢复性生活时间较常规组迟,平均性生活次数较常规组少,产后开始避孕时间较常规组早,使用避孕套避孕的比例高于常规组,产后1 a内意外妊娠率低于常规组(均P<0.05或0.01)。结论多阶段健康教育可提高初次妊娠产后妇女的避孕知识知晓率和采取避孕行为的比例,具有一定的临床推广意义。

Objective To study the effect of multi-stage health education on contraception knowledge,behavior and unintended pregnancy of women after first delivery.Methods A total of 400 women after the first delivery were randomly divided into the Routine Group and Multi-stage Group,200 cases in each group.Both groups received general health education,and Multi-stage Group simultaneously received postpartum multi-stage health education such as pregnancy healthcare,contraception guide,suggestions on personalized contraceptives,and regular pushing of contraceptive knowledge.Questionnaires were used to investigate the awareness of contraception knowledge of two groups at 180 days after delivery.Contraception behavior within 180 days after delivery and unintended pregnancy within 1 a after delivery of two groups were compared.Results The Multi-stage Group had the score of postpartum contraception knowledge higher than the Routine Group,the resumption of sexual life later than the Routine Group,the average times of sexual life less than the Routine Group,the time to start the contraception after the delivery earlier than the Routine Group,the proportion of the use of condoms higher than the Routine Group and the rate of unintended pregnancy within 1 a after delivery lower than the Routine Group(P<0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion The multi-stage health education can improve the awareness of contraception knowledge in the women after the first delivery and increase the proportion of adopting contraceptives.It is worth clinical promotion.