鸡支气管堵塞死鸡病变部位感染细菌及其耐药性分析

Bacteriology and Drug Resistance Analysis of Dead Chickens with Bronchial Obstruction

【目的】研究以支气管被黄、白色干酪样物质堵塞为主要病理变化的鸡呼吸系统疾病,为研究支气管堵塞形成的细菌学基础提供依据。【方法】无菌采集不同鸡场典型病死鸡的支气管堵塞部位样本,用常规细菌分离法结合16 sDNA测序进行细菌学分析,并对分离菌进行药敏试验和致病性试验。【结果】11个鸡场采集的18个样本中均分离到了大肠杆菌和粪肠球菌,2个鸡场分离到了奇异变形杆菌,1个鸡场分离到了鲍曼不动杆菌,所有典型发病鸡场均未检测到鸡毒支原体和滑液支原体。K-B法药敏实验显示大肠杆菌主要对头孢噻肟、氯霉素、氨苄西林、四环素、复方新诺明等有较高的耐药性;粪肠球菌主要对头孢他啶、氨曲南、复方新诺明等药物耐药。所有分离菌均无致病作用。【结论】大肠杆菌、粪肠球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和奇异变形杆菌等可单独或同时存在于支气管堵塞部位,可能是该病理变化形成的主要协同因素,而大肠杆菌和粪肠球菌存在于所有的被检病例中,且耐药性普遍很强。

【Objective】To study chickens with bronchial obstruction by yellow and white caseous substances.The purpose of this research is to study the bacteriological basis of bronchial obstruction.【Methods】The samples of bronchial blockage sites of typical dead chickens in different chicken farms were collected aseptically.The bacteriological analysis was carried out by conventional bacterial isolation method combined with 16S DNA sequencing,and the drug sensitivity test and pathogenicity test were carried out.【Results】The results showed that E.coli and E.faecalis were isolated from 18 samples collected from 11 chicken farms,among which Proteus Mirabilis was isolated from 2 chicken farms and Acinetobacter Baumannii was isolated from 1 chicken farm.Mycoplasma Galliscepticum and Mycoplasma Synoviae were not detected in all the typical chicken farms.K-B drug susceptibility test showed that Escherichia coli were resistant to Ceftaxime,Chlorampenicol,Ampicillin,Tetracycline and Compound sulfamethoxazole.Enterococcus faecali were resistant to Ceftazidime,Aztreonam and Compound sulfamethoxazole.all isolates had no pathogenicity.【Conclusion】This study shows that Escherichia coli,Enterococcus faecali,Acinetobacter baumannii and Proteus mirabilis can exist alone or together in the occluded Bronchi,which may be the main synergistic factor in the formation of this pathological change,while Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis were found in all detected cases with strong resistance to antimicrobial drugs.