有机离子转运体相关靶向药物的应用进展

Application Progress of Targeted Drugs Related to Organic Ion Transporters

转运系统在内源性激素、营养物质及代谢产物的跨膜转运过程中均扮演重要角色。根据对底物的转运方向主要分为摄入转运体和外排转运体,有机离子转运体为摄入转运体。有机离子转运体的种类颇多,内部分子结构不尽相同,具有特异性,使很多药物成为了有机离子转运体的特异性底物或抑制剂,从而为设计相关靶向药物提供了新思路。本研究对近年来国内外的相关文献进行归纳总结,综述了有机离子转运体的分类、结构特征、底物选择性、组织表达及其在中枢神经系统疾病、肝肾肿瘤的靶向药物研究领域中的应用。

Transport system plays an important role in the transmembrane transport of endogenous hormones,nutrients and metabolites,and it can be divided into uptake transporters and efflux transporters based on the transport direction of substrates.Organic ion transporters are classified as uptake transporters.There are many kinds of organic ion transporters with different internal molecular structures and specificity,which make many drugs become specific substrates or inhibitors of organic ion transporters,thus providing new ideas for designing targeted drugs.This paper summarizes the relevant literature at home and abroad in recent years,and summarizes the classification,structural characteristics,substrate selectivity,tissue expression of organic ion transporters and their applications in the research field of targeted therapies for central nervous system diseases as well as liver and kidney tumors.